-
1 relative
1. nounVerwandte, der/die2. adjectiverelativ; (comparative) jeweiligthe relative costs of a and b — die Kostenrelation zwischen a und b
a large population relative to the town's size — eine im Verhältnis zur Größe der Stadt beachtliche Einwohnerzahl
* * *['relətiv]noun (a member of one's family; a relation: All his relatives attended the funeral.) der/die Verwandte* * *rela·tive1. (connected to) relevant▪ to be \relative to sth (important) relevant für etw akk sein geh; (relevant) sich akk auf etw akk beziehen2. (corresponding) jeweilige(r, s)the \relative advantages die jeweiligen Vorteile\relative merits jeweilige Vorzügepetrol consumption is \relative to a car's speed der Benzinverbrauch hängt von der Geschwindigkeit des Autos ab3. (comparative) relative(r, s), vergleichbare(r, s); (not absolute) age, evil, happiness relative(r, s)to live in \relative comfort in relativem Wohlstand leben\relative to sb verglichen mit jdmII. adv\relative to the country, city air is quite polluted verglichen zur Landluft ist die Luft in der Stadt ziemlich verschmutztblood \relative Blutsverwandte(r) f(m)\relative by marriage angeheirateter Verwandter/angeheiratete Verwandtedistant \relative entfernter Verwandter/entfernte Verwandte* * *['relətɪv]1. adj1) (= comparative, not absolute SCI) relativhappiness is relative —
relative to him, she is in a very happy position — verglichen mit ihm ist sie gut dran
to live in relative luxury — verhältnismäßig or relativ luxuriös leben
in relative terms —
it's all relative — es ist alles relativ
2) (= respective) jeweilig3)(= relevant)
relative to — sich beziehend auf (+acc)relative pronoun/clause — Relativpronomen nt/-satz m
5) (MUS) minor, major parallel2. n1) (= person) = academic.ru/61311/relation">relationSee:= relation* * *relative [ˈrelətıv]A adj (adv relatively)1. relativ, verhältnismäßig, Verhältnis…:relative address IT relative Adresse;relative atomic mass CHEM, PHYS relative Atommasse;in relative ease verhältnismäßig oder relativ wohlhabend;relative humidity relative (Luft)Feuchtigkeit;relative majority relative Mehrheit;2. sich beziehend (to auf akk):relative evidence einschlägiger Beweis3. LING Relativ…, bezüglich:relative clause → B 3 a;relative pronoun → B 3 b4. (to) abhängig (von), bedingt (durch):5. gegenseitig, entsprechend, jeweilig6. MUS parallel:relative key Paralleltonart f7. REL indirekt:relative worship Bilderdienst mB s1. Verwandte(r) m/f(m)2. CHEM verwandtes Derivat3. LINGa) Relativ-, Bezugswortsatz mb) Relativpronomen n, bezügliches Fürwort4. the relative das Relativerel. abk1. related2. relating bezügl.* * *1. nounVerwandte, der/die2. adjectiverelativ; (comparative) jeweiliga large population relative to the town's size — eine im Verhältnis zur Größe der Stadt beachtliche Einwohnerzahl
* * *adj.relativ adj. n.Verwandte m.,f.Verwandter m. -
2 relatively
adverbrelativ; verhältnismäßig* * *['relətivli]adverb (when compared to someone or something else: He seems relatively happy now; This is a fairly unimportant problem, relatively speaking.) verhältnismäßig* * *rela·tive·lyadv inv relativ\relatively few people relativ wenige Leute\relatively little relativ wenig\relatively speaking relativ gesehen* * *['relətIvlɪ]advrelativ, verhältnismäßigrelatively speaking — relativ gesehen or betrachtet
* * *rel. abk1. related2. relating bezügl.* * *adverbrelativ; verhältnismäßig* * *adv.relativ adv. -
3 relative
noun (a member of one's family; a relation: All his relatives attended the funeral.) parienterelative1 adj relativorelative2 n pariente / familiartr['relətɪv]1 relativo,-a1 pariente nombre masulino o femenino, familiar nombre masulino o femenino\SMALLIDIOMATIC EXPRESSION/SMALLrelative to con relación arelative ['rɛlət̬ɪv] adj: relativo♦ relatively advrelative n: pariente mf, familiar mfadj.• concerniente adj.• relativo, -a adj.n.• allegado s.m.• deudo s.m.• pariente s.m.,f.• relativo s.m.
I 'relətɪvnoun pariente mf, pariente, -ta m,f, familiar m
II
a) ( comparative)b) ( not absolute) relativoit's all relative, everything's relative — (set phrase) todo es relativo (fr hecha)
c)relative to — ( in relation to) en relación con, con relación a; ( compared to) en comparación con
d) ( Ling) relativo['relǝtɪv]1. ADJ1) (=comparative) [safety, peace, comfort, ease] relativothere is a shortage of labour relative to demand — hay escasez de trabajadores en relación con la demanda
2) (=respective)3) (=relevant)relative to — relativo a, concerniente a
the documents relative to the problem — la documentación relativa or concerniente al problema
4) (Ling) relativorelative clause — oración f subordinada relativa, oración f (subordinada) de relativo
relative pronoun — pronombre m relativo
5) (Mus) relativo2.N pariente mf, familiar mffriends and relatives — amigos mpl y familiares
a close/distant relative — un pariente cercano/lejano
* * *
I ['relətɪv]noun pariente mf, pariente, -ta m,f, familiar m
II
a) ( comparative)b) ( not absolute) relativoit's all relative, everything's relative — (set phrase) todo es relativo (fr hecha)
c)relative to — ( in relation to) en relación con, con relación a; ( compared to) en comparación con
d) ( Ling) relativo -
4 relative
{'relətiv}
I. 1. отнасящ се, свързан (to за, с)
2. относителен, сравнителен
3. грам. относителен
II. 1. роднина, сродник, родственик
2. грам. относително местоимение/наречие* * *{'relъtiv} I. a 1. отнасящ се, свързан (to за, с); 2. относи* * *сравнителен; роднина; родственик; рода; релативен; относителен; отнасящ се;* * *1. i. отнасящ се, свързан (to за, с) 2. ii. роднина, сродник, родственик 3. грам. относителен 4. грам. относително местоимение/наречие 5. относителен, сравнителен* * * -
5 relative
n. 1. хамаатан садан. 2. gram. холбох төлөөний нэр. adj. 1. харьцангуй. Beauty is \relative. Гоо үзэсгэлэн бол харьцангуй ойлголт. 2. холбоотой, харилцан уялдаатай. 3. gram. холбох. relatively adv. харьцуулбал, харьцуулж үзвэл; харьцангуй. -
6 relative
kb. sanak, pamili. -ks. 1 nisbi (of humidity). 2 relatip. -relatively kk. secara relatip. -
7 rel.
forkortelse for relating, relative, relatively, religion, religious -
8 rel.
-
9 related
adjective1) (by kinship or marriage) verwandt (to mit)2) (connected) miteinander in Zusammenhang stehend; verwandt [Sprache, Begriff, Spezies, Fach]* * *1) (belonging to the same family (as): I'm related to the Prime Minister; The Prime Minister and I are related.) verwandt2) (connected: other related topics.) verwandt* * *re·lat·ed[rɪˈleɪtɪd, AM -t̬ɪd]adj inv1. (connected) verbundenwe discussed inflation, unemployment and \related issues wir diskutierten über Inflation, Arbeitslosigkeit und damit zusammenhängende Themen\related subject matter einschlägiges Materialto be directly \related to sth in direktem Zusammenhang mit etw dat stehento be \related by blood blutsverwandt seinto be \related by marriage durch Heirat verwandt sein[closely] \related species [eng] miteinander verwandte Artenclosely/distantly \related nah/entfernt verwandtto be \related to sb mit jdm verwandt sein* * *[rI'leItɪd]adj1) (in family) verwandt (to mit)related by or through marriage — angeheiratet, verschwägert
he is related to the president by or through marriage — er ist durch Heirat mit dem Präsidenten verwandt
to be related to sth —
the two events are not related — die beiden Ereignisse hängen nicht miteinander zusammen or haben nichts miteinander zu tun
two closely related questions — zwei eng miteinander verknüpfte Fragen
* * *related adj2. verbunden, -knüpft ( beide:to mit)rel. abk1. related2. relating bezügl.* * *adjective1) (by kinship or marriage) verwandt (to mit)2) (connected) miteinander in Zusammenhang stehend; verwandt [Sprache, Begriff, Spezies, Fach]* * *adj.berichtet adj.verwandt adj.ähnlich adj. -
10 relating
-
11 относительно обратный
Большой англо-русский и русско-английский словарь > относительно обратный
-
12 относительно
1. прил.;
кратк. форма от относительный
2. нареч. relatively
3. предл.;
(чего-л.) (касательно) concerning, about;
relative to;
regarding;
with regard toотносительн|о -
1. нареч. relatively, comparatively;
день прошёл ~ спокойно the day passed fairly quietly;
2. предлог (рд.) about, of, concerning, in regard/respect to;
(что касается) as to;
~ость ж. relativity, relative nature;
теория ~ости theory of relativity;
~ый
3. relative;
~ая истина relative truth;
~ая влажность relative humidity;
~ая обратная связь negative reaction;
~ое право юр. right in personam;
4. (некоторый) comparative;
~ый успех comparative/fair success;
5. грам. relative;
~ое местоимение relative pronoun.Большой англо-русский и русско-английский словарь > относительно
-
13 relate
[rə'leit] 1. verb1) (to tell (a story etc): He related all that had happened to him.) fortælle2) ((with to) to be about, concerned or connected with: Have you any information relating to the effect of penicillin on mice?) med hensyn til3) ((with to) to behave towards: He finds it difficult to relate normally to his mother.) opføre sig•- related- relation
- relationship
- relative 2. adjective1) (compared with something else, or with each other, or with a situation in the past etc: the relative speeds of a car and a train; She used to be rich but now lives in relative poverty.) forholdsmæssig2) ((of a pronoun, adjective or clause) referring back to something previously mentioned: the girl who sang the song; the girl who sang the song.) henførende•* * *[rə'leit] 1. verb1) (to tell (a story etc): He related all that had happened to him.) fortælle2) ((with to) to be about, concerned or connected with: Have you any information relating to the effect of penicillin on mice?) med hensyn til3) ((with to) to behave towards: He finds it difficult to relate normally to his mother.) opføre sig•- related- relation
- relationship
- relative 2. adjective1) (compared with something else, or with each other, or with a situation in the past etc: the relative speeds of a car and a train; She used to be rich but now lives in relative poverty.) forholdsmæssig2) ((of a pronoun, adjective or clause) referring back to something previously mentioned: the girl who sang the song; the girl who sang the song.) henførende• -
14 relativo
relativo
◊ -va adjetivo1 ( no absoluto) relative; una enfermedad de relativa gravedad a relatively serious illness 2 ( concerniente) relativo A algo relating to sth;◊ todo lo relativo a la política anything to do with o related to politics;en lo relativo a este problema with regard to this problem
relativo,-a
I adjetivo
1 (una cualidad, un valor) relative: es un asunto de relativa importancia, it's a relatively important matter
2 (que se refiere a algo o alguien) relating to, regarding: es algo relativo a un accidente, it's something to do with an accident
II adjetivo & m,f Ling relative ' relativo' also found in these entries: Spanish: económica - económico - férrea - férreo - filial - fiscal - formalmente - humana - humano - monumental - que - real - relativa - sabatina - sabatino - selvática - selvático - sindicalista - hispánico - sentimental - temporal English: as - comparative - fictional - relative - what - when - where - which - who - whom - whose - why - with - comprehensive - relate -
15 labour-abundant
прил.эк. трудоизбыточный, трудонасыщенный (о регионе или стране, в которых относительно много рабочей силы)Country A is relatively capital-abundant and Country B is relatively labour-abundant if the capital-labour ratio in Country A is greater that it is in Country B. — Страна А является относительно капиталоизбыточной, а страна B — относительно трудоизбыточной, если в стране A капиталовооруженность выше, чем в стране B.
Ant:capital-labour ratio, capital-abundant, factor abundance, abundant factor, theory of relative factor endowmentsSee: -
16 space
1) интервал, промежуток2) пробел || оставлять пробелы3) область; площадь4) пространство || пространственный5) космос, космическое пространство6) полость7) расстояние•- absolutely compact space - absolutely embedded space - absolutely thick space - algebraically parallel space - almost complex space - almost expandable space - almost isomorphic space - almost metric space - almost nonsingular space - almost paracompact space - almost pretopological space - analytically ramified covering space - arcwise connected space - centrally harmonic space - compactly ordered space - completely continuous space - completely degenerate space - completely disconnected space - completely harmonic space - completely metric space - completely normal space - completely reducible space - completely regular space - completely reticulated space - completely separable space - completely separated space - completely symmetric space - completely uniformizable space - constant curvature space - continuous sample space - continuously ordered space - contractible in itself space - countably compactifiable space - countably dimensional space - countably generated space - countably infinite space - countably metacompact space - countably multinormed space - countably normed space - countably paracompact space - countably refinable space - countably subcompact space - finitely productive space - finitely sheeted space - finitely triangulated space - fully normal space - general metrizable space - general topological space - global analytic space - globally symmetric space - hereditarily normal space - hereditarily paracompact space - hereditarily separable space - hereditarily symmetric space - holomorphic tangent space - holomorphically complete space - holomorphically convex space - homotopy associative space - iterated loop space - linearly connected space - linearly ordered space - linearly topologized space - load space - locally bounded space - locally closed space - locally compact space - locally complete space - locally connected space - locally contractible space - locally convex space - locally directed space - locally fine space - locally holomorphic space - locally homogeneous space - locally hyperbolic space - locally linear space - locally metrizable space - locally ringed space - locally separable space - locally simply connected space - locally solid space - locally spherical space - locally star-shaped space - locally symmetric space - locally timelike space - locally triangulable space - monotonically normal space - naturally isomorphic space - naturally ordered space - naturally reductive space - nearly paracompact space - negative metric space - normally separated space - not simply connected space - nowhere connected space - null space of linear transformation - n-way projective space - perfectly normal space - perfectly regular space - perfectly screenable space - perfectly separable space - peripherically bicompact space - peripherically compact space - pointwise paracompact space - projectively metric space - quaternion hyperbolic space - quaternion projective space - quaternion vector space - regularly ordered space - relatively discrete space - relatively strong space - sequentially closed space - sequentially compact space - sequentially complete space - sequentially quasicomplete space - sequentially separable space - simply ordered space - simply partitionable space - space of affine connectedness - space of complex homomorphisms - space of continuous functions - space of finite measure - space of linear interpolation - space of right cosets - space of scalar curvature - strongly bounded space - strongly closed space - strongly compact space - strongly complete space - strongly irreducible space - strongly normal space - strongly normed space - strongly paracompact space - strongly pseudocompact space - strongly pseudometrizable space - strongly rigid space - strongly screenable space - structural space - structure space - topologically complete space - totally disconnected space - totally geodesic space - totally imperfect space - totally normal space - totally orderable space - totally ordered space - water jacket space - weakly closed space - weakly compact space - weakly complete space - weakly covering space - weakly dense space - weakly favorable space - weakly n-dimensional space - weakly paracompact space - weakly regular space - weakly separable space - weakly symmetric spaceto space out — полигр. набирать вразрядку
-
17 Relate
rə'leit
1. verb1) (to tell (a story etc): He related all that had happened to him.) relatar2) ((with to) to be about, concerned or connected with: Have you any information relating to the effect of penicillin on mice?) relacionar con, con relación a3) ((with to) to behave towards: He finds it difficult to relate normally to his mother.) relacionarse (con)•- related- relation
- relationship
- relative
2. adjective1) (compared with something else, or with each other, or with a situation in the past etc: the relative speeds of a car and a train; She used to be rich but now lives in relative poverty.) relativo2) ((of a pronoun, adjective or clause) referring back to something previously mentioned: the girl who sang the song; the girl who sang the song.) relativo•relate vb1. estar relacionado2. relatar / contartr[rɪ'leɪt]1 (tell) relatar, contar2 (connect) relacionar (to, con)1 (connect) relacionarse, estar relacionado■ how does this relate to your work? ¿esto, cómo está relacionado con tu trabajo?1) tell: relatar, contar2) associate: relacionar, asociarto relate crime to poverty: relacionar la delincuencia a la pobrezarelate vi1) connect: conectar, estar relacionado (con)2) interact: relacionarse (con), llevarse bien (con)3)to relate to understand: identificarse con, simpatizar conv.• contar v.• narrar v.• recontar v.• relacionar v.• relatar v.rɪ'leɪt
1.
1) ( link)2) ( tell) (frml) \<\<story\>\> relatar, contar*, referir* (liter)
2.
vi1)a) ( be connected with)to relate TO something — estar* relacionado con algo
b)relating to — (as prep) relativo a, relacionado con
2) (understand, sympathise with)to relate TO somebody — sintonizar* con alguien, tener* una buena relación con alguien
to relate TO something — identificarse* con algo
[rɪ'leɪt]N (Brit) organización benéfica que proporciona un servicio de asesoramiento y ayuda confidencial a parejas* * *[rɪ'leɪt]
1.
1) ( link)2) ( tell) (frml) \<\<story\>\> relatar, contar*, referir* (liter)
2.
vi1)a) ( be connected with)to relate TO something — estar* relacionado con algo
b)relating to — (as prep) relativo a, relacionado con
2) (understand, sympathise with)to relate TO somebody — sintonizar* con alguien, tener* una buena relación con alguien
to relate TO something — identificarse* con algo
-
18 relate
rə'leit
1. verb1) (to tell (a story etc): He related all that had happened to him.) relatar2) ((with to) to be about, concerned or connected with: Have you any information relating to the effect of penicillin on mice?) relacionar con, con relación a3) ((with to) to behave towards: He finds it difficult to relate normally to his mother.) relacionarse (con)•- related- relation
- relationship
- relative
2. adjective1) (compared with something else, or with each other, or with a situation in the past etc: the relative speeds of a car and a train; She used to be rich but now lives in relative poverty.) relativo2) ((of a pronoun, adjective or clause) referring back to something previously mentioned: the girl who sang the song; the girl who sang the song.) relativo•relate vb1. estar relacionado2. relatar / contartr[rɪ'leɪt]1 (tell) relatar, contar2 (connect) relacionar (to, con)1 (connect) relacionarse, estar relacionado■ how does this relate to your work? ¿esto, cómo está relacionado con tu trabajo?1) tell: relatar, contar2) associate: relacionar, asociarto relate crime to poverty: relacionar la delincuencia a la pobrezarelate vi1) connect: conectar, estar relacionado (con)2) interact: relacionarse (con), llevarse bien (con)3)to relate to understand: identificarse con, simpatizar conv.• contar v.• narrar v.• recontar v.• relacionar v.• relatar v.rɪ'leɪt
1.
1) ( link)2) ( tell) (frml) \<\<story\>\> relatar, contar*, referir* (liter)
2.
vi1)a) ( be connected with)to relate TO something — estar* relacionado con algo
b)relating to — (as prep) relativo a, relacionado con
2) (understand, sympathise with)to relate TO somebody — sintonizar* con alguien, tener* una buena relación con alguien
[rɪ'leɪt]to relate TO something — identificarse* con algo
1. VT1) (=tell) [+ story] contar, relatar; [+ conversation] relatar, referirshe related details of the meeting to her boss — le relató or refirió a su jefe detalles de la reunión
history relates that he landed here in AD 470 — la historia cuenta or relata que desembarcó aquí en el año 470 AD
strange to relate — aunque parezca mentira, por extraño que parezca
2) (=establish relation between)they relate what they read to their own experiences — relacionan lo que leen con sus propias experiencias
2. VI1) (=communicate) relacionarse, comunicarsehow you relate depends on the kind of person you are — cómo te relacionas or te comunicas depende del tipo de persona que eres
2)to relate to (sth/sb) —
a) (=form a relationship with)b) (=understand, identify with)to relate to sth/sb — identificarse con algo/algn
I can relate to that * — yo eso lo entiendo *, yo me identifico con eso
it's important for children to have brothers and sisters they can relate to — es importante que los niños tengan hermanos y hermanas con los que puedan identificarse
c) (=connect with)the way that words in a sentence relate to each other — la manera en la que las palabras de una frase se relacionan las unas con las otras
d) (=appertain to)to relate to sth — referirse a algo, estar relacionado con algo, tener que ver con algo
most of the enquiries relate to debt — la mayoría de las preguntas se refieren a deudas or tienen que ver con deudas
relatingthis relates to what I said yesterday — esto se refiere a or está relacionado con lo que dije ayer
* * *[rɪ'leɪt]
1.
1) ( link)2) ( tell) (frml) \<\<story\>\> relatar, contar*, referir* (liter)
2.
vi1)a) ( be connected with)to relate TO something — estar* relacionado con algo
b)relating to — (as prep) relativo a, relacionado con
2) (understand, sympathise with)to relate TO somebody — sintonizar* con alguien, tener* una buena relación con alguien
to relate TO something — identificarse* con algo
-
19 relate
rə'leit 1. verb1) (to tell (a story etc): He related all that had happened to him.) fortelle, berette2) ((with to) to be about, concerned or connected with: Have you any information relating to the effect of penicillin on mice?) sette i/ha sammenheng med, vedrøre3) ((with to) to behave towards: He finds it difficult to relate normally to his mother.) ha omgang med•- related- relation
- relationship
- relative 2. adjective1) (compared with something else, or with each other, or with a situation in the past etc: the relative speeds of a car and a train; She used to be rich but now lives in relative poverty.) forholdsvis, relativ2) ((of a pronoun, adjective or clause) referring back to something previously mentioned: the girl who sang the song; the girl who sang the song.) relativt (pronomen)•verb \/rɪˈleɪt\/1) berette, fortelle2) sette i sammenheng, være i sammenheng, relatererelate to stå i forbindelse med, gjelde, angå føle med, se på med sympatisk forståelse, kjenne seg igjen i• I can relate to that actress, I get nervous myselfjeg føler med den skuespillerinnen, jeg blir nervøs selvrelating to angående, vedrørendestrange to relate merkelig nok• strange to relate, I met him again in Paris -
20 relate
[rə'leit] 1. verb1) (to tell (a story etc): He related all that had happened to him.) segja frá2) ((with to) to be about, concerned or connected with: Have you any information relating to the effect of penicillin on mice?) tengja3) ((with to) to behave towards: He finds it difficult to relate normally to his mother.) að lynda/eiga samskipti við•- related- relation
- relationship
- relative 2. adjective1) (compared with something else, or with each other, or with a situation in the past etc: the relative speeds of a car and a train; She used to be rich but now lives in relative poverty.) í samanburði við2) ((of a pronoun, adjective or clause) referring back to something previously mentioned: the girl who sang the song; the girl who sang the song.) tilvísunar-•
См. также в других словарях:
Relative — can refer to: *Kinship, the principle binding the most basic social units society. If two people are connected by circumstances of birth, they are said to be relatives Physics*Relativity as a concept in physics (for example Albert Einstein s… … Wikipedia
relatively — relative rel‧a‧tive [ˈrelətɪv] adjective having a particular value or quality when compared with similar things: • the relative strength of the dollar • IBM was a relative latecomer to the laptop market. relatively adverb : • The system is… … Financial and business terms
relative — rel‧a‧tive [ˈrelətɪv] adjective having a particular value or quality when compared with similar things: • the relative strength of the dollar • IBM was a relative latecomer to the laptop market. relatively adverb : • The system is relatively easy … Financial and business terms
Relative deprivation — is the experience of being deprived of something to which one believes oneself to be entitled to have.[1] It refers to the discontent people feel when they compare their positions to others and realize that they have less than them.[2] Schaefer… … Wikipedia
relatively — in relation to something else, 1560s, from RELATIVE (Cf. relative) + LY (Cf. ly) (2) … Etymology dictionary
Relatively — Rel a*tive*ly, adv. In a relative manner; in relation or respect to something else; not absolutely. [1913 Webster] Consider the absolute affections of any being as it is in itself, before you consider it relatively. I. Watts. [1913 Webster] … The Collaborative International Dictionary of English
relatively — [rel′ə tivlē] adv. in a relative manner; in relation to or compared with something else; not absolutely [a relatively minor matter] … English World dictionary
Relative biological effectiveness — (RBE) is a health physics concept introduced in the 1950s, after it was noted that different types of radiation might affect living organisms differently. A higher RBE equates with greater biological damage for equivalent radiation exposure.The… … Wikipedia
relatively autonomous — relative autonomy … Dictionary of sociology
relative value — A phrase used to refer to whether or not a security s price is relatively cheap, relatively fair, or relatively rich ( expensive) compared to prices for other securities. American Banker Glossary The attractiveness measured in terms of risk,… … Financial and business terms
Relative risk — In statistics and mathematical epidemiology, relative risk (RR) is the risk of an event (or of developing a disease) relative to exposure. Relative risk is a ratio of the probability of the event occurring in the exposed group versus a non… … Wikipedia